You'll never hear them say 'you're cured': The language of tragedy in cancer care
Katrina Breaden
Department of Palliative and Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA
PP: 120 - 128
Abstract
Young women diagnosed with advanced breast cancer live with an illness that currently cannot be cured. There are many discourses, or ways of seeing and speaking about the world, that these young women draw upon as they try and make sense of their illness.
This article explores several of these discourses, in particular the discourse of tragedy, as it weaves its way through the professional and lay press and through interview accounts of young women living with advanced disease. Using a critical form of textual analysis, I trace the discourse of tragedy through the Australian newsprint media in the period between 1996 and 2000, through interviews with 12 young women with advanced breast cancer and into the 'expert' literature.
I argue that the 'expert' discourse of tragedy positions these young women in unhelpful ways making it very difficult for them to talk of suffering and survival in the midst of living with the real possibility of dying before their time, often leaving children to grow up without them.
Keywords
young women; advanced breast cancer; tragedy; discourse analysis
References
Albain KS, Allred DC and Clark GM (1994) Breast cancer outcome and predictors of outcome: Are there age differentials? Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monographs 16: 35-42.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) (1999) Breast cancer in Australian women 1982-1996, AIHW (Cancer Series): Canberra: AIHW
Beahrs OH, Henson DE, Hutter RVD and Kennedy BJ (1992) Manual for staging of cancer. American Joint Committee on Cancer 4th edn. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott.
Chapman S and Lupton D (1994) The Fight for public health: Principles and practice of media advocacy, London: BMJ Books.
Crowe JP, Gordon NH, Shenk RR, Zolinger RM, Brumberg DJ and Shuck JM (1994) Age does not predict breast cancer outcome, Archives of surgery 129(5): 483-487.
Foucault M (1981) The Order of discourse, in Robert Young (ed) Untying the text: A poststructuralist reader, Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul: 48-78.
Grbich C (1999) Qualitative research in health: An introduction, Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
King MT, Kenny P, Shiell A, Hall J and Boyages J (2000) Quality of life three months and one year after first treatment for early stage breast cancer: Influence of treatment and patient characteristics, Quality of Life Research: 9(7): 789-800.
Lupton D (1994) Femininity, responsibility, and the technological imperative: Discourses on breast cancer in the Australian press, International Journal of Health Services 24(1): 73-89.
Malson H (1998) The Thin woman: Feminism, post-structuralism and the social psychology of anorexia nervosa, London: Routledge.
Metzger LF, Rogers TF and Bauman LJ (1983) Effects of age and marital status on emotional distress after a mastectomy, Journal of Psychosocial Oncology 1(3): 17-33.
Mor V, Malin M and Allen S (1994) Age differences in the psychosocial problems encountered by breast cancer patients, Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monographs 16: 191-197.
National Breast Cancer Network (1998) Making a difference, Australia's first national breast cancer conference for women, Canberra: National Breast Cancer Centre.
Parker I (1990) Real things: Discourse, context and practice, Philosophical Psychology 3(2): 227-233.
Parker I (1992) Discourse dynamics: Critical analysis for social and individual psychology London: Routledge.
Patty A (2001, 5 October) Confronting a killer at a younger age, The Daily Telegraph: 21.
Poynton C (2000) Linguistics and discourse analysis, in Cate Poynton and Alison Lee (eds) Culture and text: Discourse and methodology in social research and cultural studies, London: Allen & Unwin: 19-39.
Schover LR (1994) Sexuality and body image in younger women with breast cancer, Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monographs 16: 177-182.
Siegel K, Gluhoski V and Gorey D (1999) Age-related distress among young women with breast cancer, Journal of Psycho-oncology 17(1): 1-20.
South Australian Cancer Registry (1999) Epidemiology of cancer in South Australia, incidence, mortality and survival 1977 to 1998. Adelaide: Open Book Publishers.
Stacey J (1997) Teratologies: A cultural study of cancer, London: Routledge.
Turner J, Wooding S and Cameron N (1998) Psychosocial impact of breast cancer: A summary of the literature 1986-1996, Sydney: National Breast Cancer Centre (Australia).
Vinokur AD, Threat BA, Vinoker-Kaplan D and Stariano WA (1990) The process of recovery from breast cancer for younger and older patients: Changes during the first year, Cancer 65(5): 1242-1254.
Webber N (1996, 31 October) Mum's plea in breast cancer, Herald Sun: 10.

eContent Home




